Friday, April 18
    Herbs and Spices

    Know about the Pig Canary

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    Canarium genus consists of 100 species of tropical and subtropical trees belonging to family Burseraceae. It grows naturally across tropical Africa, Indochina, South and Southeast Asia, Australia, Malesia and Western Pacific Islands including from southern Nigeria east to Madagascar, Sri Lanka, Mauritius and India; from Malaysia, Burma and Thailand through the Malay Peninsula and Vietnam to south China, Taiwan and the Philippines; through Indonesia, Borneo, Timor and New Guinea, through to the Solomon Islands, Fiji, New Caledonia, Samoa, Tonga and Palau.  The evergreen tree grows to the height of 30 – 60 meters tall. Bole is straight and cylindrical and can be unbranched for most of its height. It is 100-200 cm in diameter and has large buttresses which measures 8 meters tall and 5 meters across.

    Description

    Canarium decumanum is a large tree with large buttresses. It is 8 meters high and 5 meters across. The tree grows to the height of 30-60 meters and trunk is 1-2 meters across.  Small branches are angular and 1-1.5 cm across. Small stipules are found at the base of leaf stalk which looks like simple leaves without teeth. Leaves are formed in spirals and comprises of 4-6 pairs of leaflets. Leaves are 35 to 45 cm long and leaflets are oval and are between 5-30 cm long by 3-10 cm wide. Leaflets are papery and stiff. Flower clusters occur in leaf axils. The cluster of male flowers is 4-19 cm long with many flowers and female flower clusters are 5-7 cm long with few flowers. Fruits are triangular in cross section and measures 7-8 cm long by 4-6 cm wide.

    Culinary uses

    • The kernel is used for bakery products and to flavor ice cream.
    • It is roasted or boiled and used in cooking in Melanesia.

    References:

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canarium_decumanum

    https://www.revolvy.com/page/Canarium-decumanum

    https://friendsoffoodplantsinternational.files.wordpress.com/2018/03/edible-canarium-nuts-and-fruit.pdf

    https://wikivisually.com/wiki/Canarium_decumanum

    https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=500749#null

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    Pig Canary Quick Facts
    Name: Pig Canary
    Scientific Name: Canarium decumanum
    Origin Malesia: East Malaysia (Sabah, Sarawak), Indonesia – (Moluccas, Kalimantan, Papua) and Papua New Guinea
    Colors Blue-black
    Name Pig Canary
    Scientific Name Canarium decumanum
    Native Malesia: East Malaysia (Sabah, Sarawak), Indonesia – (Moluccas, Kalimantan, Papua) and Papua New Guinea
    Common/English Name Jelamu, Kedungdong, Jilapat, Pamotodon, Kerari
    Name in Other Languages Indonesia: Minang (Papua), Kenari Sabrang, Jilapat, Kenari Besar, Jelemuq, Kedungdong, Pamatodon;
    Malaysia: Jelamu, Pomotodon (Sabah), Pomotodon (Sarawak)
    Plant Growth Habit Canopy, evergreen, tall, perennial tree
    Plant Size 54 metres (180 ft) tall
    Bark Grey, rough and flaky
    Leaf Ovate-oblong, 35-45 cm long
    Flower Yellow-brown
    Fruit shape & size Ovoid drupe, 7-8.5 cm by 4.5-6 cm
    Fruit color Blue-black
    Seed Ribbed, 1 cm across

    Pig Canary Scientific Classification

    Scientific Name: Canarium decumanum

    Rank Scientific Name & (Common Name)
    Kingdom Plantae (Plants)
    Subkingdom Viridiplantae  (Green plants)
    Infrakingdom Streptophyta  (Land plants)
    Superdivision Embryophyta
    Division Tracheophyta  (Vascular plants, tracheophytes)
    Class Magnoliopsida
    Order Sapindales
    Family Burseraceae  (Burseras)
    Genus Canarium L.
    Synonyms
    • Canariopsis decumana Bl. ex Miq.
    • Pimela decumana Bl.