Eicosadienoic acid is an unsaturated fatty acid with 20 carbon atoms and two double bonds. This omega 6 fatty acid is present in human milk. Omega-6 fatty acids belong to a family of unsaturated fatty acids sharing common a carbon-carbon double bond in the n−6 position; i.e. sixth bond from end of fatty acid. The biological effects of omega-6 fatty acids are largely intervene by their conversion to n-6 eicosanoids that binds to various receptors present in every tissue of the body. It is produced by a delta-9 elongase enzyme from linoleic acid and convert into dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid, sciadonic acid…
Author: Emily
Eicosatrienoic acid shortly known as 20:3w-3 is a rare polyunsaturated fatty acid of omega-3 series. In humans, it symbolizes less than 0.25% of serum phospholipid fatty acids. It is most active essential fatty acids when analyzed for inhibition of fatty acid elongation or desaturation reactions that convert C-18 fatty acids to C-20 eicosanoid precursors. Food Sources Food name Weight (g) Eicosatrienoic Acid (g) Kielbasa 370 0.085 Pork bacon 113 0.033 Plantains, green 118 0.017 Peanuts 146 0.016 Flaxseed oil 13.6 0.011 Meatballs 85 0.010 Pizza 227 0.009 Pork sausage 23 0.009 Lobsterr 145 0.009 Sockeye salmon 85 0.008 Trout fish 149…
Heneicosapentaenoic acid is 21:5 n-3 fatty acid found in trace amounts in green alga B. pennata and in fish oils. The chemical composition resembles eicosapentaenoic acid except an elongated with one carbon on carbon on carboxyl end which place the first double bond in the Δ6 position. HPA is used to study influence of the position of double bonds in ω-3 fatty acids. It assimilates into phospholipids and into triacylglycerol in vivo having same efficiency as EPA and docosahexaenoic acid & exhibit strong inhibition of arachidonic acid synthesis from linoleic acid. It is a poor substrate for prostaglandin H synthase…
Timnodonic acid also called Eicosapentaenoic acid and icosapentaenoic acid, is an omega-3 fatty acid which is given the name 20:5(n-3). In chemical structure, timnodonic acid is a carboxylic acid having 20-carbon chain and 5 cis double bonds. The first double bond is situated at the third carbon from the omega end. Timnodonic acid is a precursor for various substances which are crucial in human nutrition especially fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). It is a precursor for thromboxane-3, prostaglandin-3, and leukotriene-5 eicosanoids. It is both a precursor as well as hydrolytic breakdown product of eicosapentaenoyl ethanolamide. The diet with high eicosapentaenoic…
Adrenic acid also called adrenate or 7, 10, 13, 16-docosatetraenoic acid is a member of class of compounds called very long chain fatty acids. Very long chain fatty acids are fatty acids having aliphatic tail containing at least 22 carbon atoms. Basically adrenic acid and weakly acidic compound. Adrenic acid could be found in blood as well as in human myelin tissue. Adrenic acid is located within cell located in cytoplasm, in the membrane and peroxisome. It is present in extracellular space. In humans, adrenic acid is involved in alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid metabolism. Docosatetraenoic acid entitles any straight…
Eicosapentaenoic acid is an omega-3 fatty acid and shorthand name 20:5(n-3). It has trival name timndonic acid. EPA is a carboxylic acid in chemical structure with five cis double bonds and 20 carbon chain. The first double bond is placed at the third carbon from omega end. It is a polyunsaturated fatty acid which acts as a precursor for thromboxane-3, prostaglandin-3 and leukotriene-5 eicosanoids. It is both a precursor and hydrolytic breakdown product of eicosapentaenoyl ethanolamide. This fatty acid is found in flesh of cold water fish that includes herring, mackerel, halibut, tuna, cod liver, salmon, seal blubber and whale…
Docosahexaenoic acid is an omega-3 fatty acid which is a primary structural component of human brain, skin, cerebral cortex and retina. It is named as 22:6(n-3). It has 22 carbons and 6 double bonds. It can be synthesized from alpha-linolenic acid or obtained directly from maternal milk (breast milk), fish oil, or algae oil. Its trivial name is cervonic acid and systematic name is all-cis-docosa-4,7,10,13,16,19-hexa-enoic acid. Commercially, DHA is manufactured from microalgae: Crypthecodinium cohnii and another of genus Schizochytrium. DHA manufactured with the use of microalgae is vegetarian. In strict herbivores, DHA is produced internally from α-linolenic acid which is…
Ash is any inorganic material such as minerals which are found in food. It is termed as ash as its residue remains after heating eliminates water and organic material such as carbohydrates, protein and fat but not trace minerals (iron and zinc) or minerals (sodium, potassium, magnesium and calcium). Ash encompasses both compounds with imperative minerals, such as potassium and calcium, and toxic materials such as mercury. Generally, natural food contains less than 5 percent ash in content while some processed foods could have more than 10 percent of ash content. Dietary Sources Food name Weight (g) Ash (g) Sunflower…
The word lycopene is derived from neo-Latin Lycopersicum, one of tomato species. Lycopene is a bright red carotene and carotenoid pigment or phytochemical present in tomatoes and also other red fruits and vegetables such as watermelons, red carrots, papayas and gac. Chemically lycopene is a carotene but does not possess any Vitamin A activity. Foods with not red color such as parsley and asparagus contain lycopene. In algae, plants and other photosynthetic organisms, lycopene is an intermediate in biosynthesis of various carotenoids such as beta-carotene responsible for orange, yellow and red pigmentation, photoprotection and phytosynthesis. Similar to carotenoids, lycopene is…
Sugar alcohols are monosaccharide and disaccharide derivatives, such as sorbitol and xylitol, which are extensively used as sweeteners in the food industry. They have got increased attention because of their desirable properties of relative sweetness and limited digestion and absorption. Sugar alcohols are also classified as carbohydrates although their empirical formula is slightly different. Since these substances can be found in plants, sugar alcohols such as sorbitol, xylitol, lactitol, mannitol, and maltitol are recognized as artificial sweeteners. Sugar alcohols are used mainly to sweeten sugar-free candies, cookies, and chewing gums as they do not promote the formation of cavities in…