The tree of Malabar chestnut reaches 30-60 feet (9-18 m) tall with smooth and greenish gray trunk which is swollen at the base. Leaves are alternate, compound, 6-11 inches (15-28 cm) in length with 5-9 leaflets. Flowers are large, showy, perfect and terminal with long peduncle. The stamens and petals are white and numerous. Fruit is smooth and green capsule about 4-8 inches long and splits or opens naturally when ripe. Seed are irregular, rounded with 10-25 per fruit which is about 1 inch in diameter having light brown testa. Fruit is a pod which has similar texture and shape of cacao and turns reddish-brown and opens to expose large seeds. Seeds are consumed raw or roasted. This tree grows alongside rivers and estuaries and tropical swamps in the native range. It expands from sea level to 1300 meters in frost free areas with average temperatures of 24°C or higher. This hardy plant does well to various conditions and is drought tolerant and shade and is sold as ornamental houseplants in many countries.

Plant description

Pachira aquatic is a small to medium sized and much branched deciduous tree which reaches to the height of 17 meters having stout trunk of 90 cm diameter and buttress base. Bark is greenish when young and grey when mature. The petioles are tomentose and 11-15 cm long. Leaves are palmately compound, alternate and have 5–11 leaflets and 11–15 cm long or tomentose petioles. Leaflets are elliptic oblong or ovate-elliptical, lustrous green and about 13–28 cm long by 5–8 cm wide. Flowers are large, solitary, showy, olive green and up to 31 cm long. Fruit is ellipsoid or subglobose, pyriform dehiscent capsule upto 30 cm long by 12 cm thick, hard and olive green when immature that turns to dark brown. Fruits have five valves which is packed with numerous seeds in non-fibrous pulp. Seeds are subglobose, about 2.5 cm by 1.5–2 cm and dark brown with white spiral markings.

Flowers

Flowers have large, creamy white petals which curl back to the base of the flower and leaves spectacular clusters of 7.5 to 10cm cream-white stamens.

Fruit

Fruit is five valved, woody green pod which reaches 30 cm long and 6 cm in diameter. Seeds are tightly packed and the pods burst causing the seeds to fall in the ground. Seeds are rounded and edible raw or roasted.

Traditional uses

• The skin of immature green fruit is used for treating hepatitis.
• Use the bark medicinally for treating headaches and stomach complaints.
• Tisane obtained from boiled bark is used as a tonic for blood.
• Infusion of crushed leaves is used for treating burning sensation in the skin.
• Immature fruit skin is used for treating hepatitis.
• Use the bark for treating headaches and stomach complaints.
• The decoction made from bark is used for treating high blood pressure, anemia, general debility and fatigue.

Culinary uses

• Roast the seeds or fry it in oil.
• Roasted seeds are used for preparing beverages.
• Seeds are grounded into flour and used for making breads.
• Cook young leaves and flowers and consume it as vegetable.
• Add it to salads, stir fries and consume it as snack or ground and made into hot drink.

References:

https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=21604#null

http://www.tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Pachira+aquatica

https://zoom50.wordpress.com/2010/10/06/sabamoney-tree-pachira-glabra/

https://www.specialtyproduce.com/produce/Malabar_Chestnuts_14600.php

https://gms.ctahr.hawaii.edu/gs/handler/getmedia.ashx?moid=3069&dt=3&g=12

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Malabar chestnut Quick Facts
Name:	Malabar chestnut
Scientific Name:	Pachira aquatica
Origin	Southern parts of Mexico to Northern Peru and Northern Brazil.
Colors	Brown
Shapes	Pyriform, ellipsoid or subglobose, egg-shaped
Flesh colors	Olive-green

Name	Malabar chestnut
Scientific Name	Pachira aquatica
Native	Southern parts of Mexico to Northern Peru and Northern Brazil.
Common/English Name	American Chestnut, Guiana Chestnut, Fortune Tree, Guyana Chestnut, Money Plant, Malabar Chestnut, Money Tree, Provision Tree, Shaving Brush Tree, Saba Nut, Wild Cocoa
Name in Other Languages	Brazil: Cacau-selvagem, Castanha das Guianas, Carolina, Castanheiro-do-maranhão, Mamorana, Embiruçu, Paineira De Cuba, Mulungu; Chinese: Gua Li; Columbia: Zapotolongo, Zapoton; Czech: Bombakopsis vodní; Eastonian: Vesipahhiira; French: Châtaigner Sauvage, Cacaoyer-Rivière, Noisetier De La Guyane, Châtaignier De La Guyane, Pachirier Aquatique; German: Wilder Kakaobaum, Wilder Cacobaum; Guyana: Wild Cocoa; Mexico: Apompo, Zapote bobo; Portuguese: Cacau Selvagem, Astanheiro Do Maranhão, Castanheira Da água, Castanheirio Do Maranhão, Castanheiro De Guiana, Castanheiro Da Guyana, Mamorana, Monguba, Mungaba; Spanish: Apombo, Cacao Cimarron, Apompo, Cacao De Monte, Cacao De Playa, Castanho Silvestre, Castanho De Agua, Castanho, Castaño De Agua, Ceibo De Argua, Castaño De La Guayana, Ceibo De Arroya, Chila Blanca, Palo De Boya Teton, Jelinjoche, Pumpunjuche, Sapotolon, Quirillo, Sunzapote, Tsine, Zapote De Argua, Zapote Bobo, Zapotolongo, Zapoton; Venezuela: Castanho
Plant Growth Habit	Deciduous tree
Plant Size	17 m in height
Bark	Smooth, brown to gray
Leaf	Shiny, green, palmate
Flower	Solitary, up to 31 cm long, showy, olive green
Fruit shape & size	Pyriform, ellipsoid or subglobose, egg-shaped, 20-30 cm long, diameter 10-15 cm
Fruit weight	1-1.5 kg
Fruit color	Brown
Flesh color	Olive-green
Seed	Subglobose, 2–2.5 cm by 1.5–2 cm, dark brown