The combination of physical and psychological symptoms that appear when an addicting drug is denied, withdrawal symptoms.
The clinical syndrome of somatic and psychologic manifestations that occur when a drug is removed from a patient who has become physically dependent on the drug.
Uncomfortable physical symptoms that occur when use of a sedative, pain drug, or illegal narcotic is stopped suddenly in a patient who is physically tolerant.
A combination of symptoms that develop when a person addicted to a drug or other substance stops taking it.
Irritability, autonomic hyperactivity, hallucinations, or other phenomena resulting from the withdrawal of alcohol, stimulants, or some opiates.
Unpleasant mental and physical symptoms arise when an individual discontinues their use of a drug to which they are dependent. Withdrawal syndrome is most frequently observed in individuals with alcohol dependence, reliance on opioid pain-relief medications, as well as in smokers, and those addicted to tranquilizers, amphetamines, cocaine, marijuana, and caffeine.
In individuals dependent on alcohol, symptoms of alcohol withdrawal typically begin approximately six to eight hours after they stop drinking and can persist for up to seven days. These symptoms encompass hand tremors, nausea, vomiting, profuse sweating, muscle cramps, feelings of anxiety, and, in certain cases, seizures and visual hallucinations.
Withdrawal symptoms from opioids typically commence around eight to 12 hours after the last dose and can persist for a period of seven to ten days. These symptoms encompass restlessness, sweating, watery eyes and a runny nose, frequent yawning, dilated pupils, diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, reduced appetite, irritability, weakness, trembling, and feelings of depression.
Symptoms of withdrawal from barbiturates and meprobamate usually start 12 to 24 hours after the last dose and may include shaking, anxiety, restlessness, and fatigue. These can sometimes escalate to delirium, hallucinations, and, in rare cases, seizures. A long sleep phase often follows three to eight days after these symptoms begin. On the other hand, withdrawal from benzodiazepines may start more gradually but can be severe, leading to conditions like depression, confusion, a fear of open or public spaces (agoraphobia), and possibly even psychosis.
Symptoms of nicotine withdrawal usually emerge between 24 and 48 hours after the last use and may consist of irritability, difficulties in focusing, frustration, headaches, and anxiety.
Stopping the use of cocaine or amphetamines can lead to symptoms like dizziness, low energy, and extreme fatigue. Additionally, withdrawing from cocaine may cause shaking, sweating, and significant depression. Ceasing marijuana use can result in symptoms such as shaking, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, sweating, irritability, and issues with sleep. When it comes to caffeine withdrawal, one may experience fatigue, headaches, and irritability.
Intense withdrawal symptoms often necessitate medical intervention. One approach to manage these symptoms is to administer limited amounts of the substance the patient was originally using. Alternatively, a replacement drug, like methadone for opioid withdrawal or a benzodiazepine for alcohol withdrawal, is commonly prescribed. The dosage of this substitute medication is then carefully decreased over time.