The microscopic examination of urine, aimed at identifying cancerous or precancerous cells, is a diagnostic procedure commonly known as urine cytology. By carefully examining urine samples under a microscope, healthcare professionals can search for abnormal cells that may indicate the presence of urinary tract cancers, such as bladder, kidney, or urethral cancer. Urine cytology plays a crucial role in cancer screening, enabling early detection and facilitating prompt medical intervention. This non-invasive test serves as a valuable tool in the diagnosis and management of urinary tract malignancies, helping healthcare providers make informed decisions regarding patient care and treatment.