Dangers resulting from radiation (the release of energy in wave or particle form), which can emerge from external radiation sources like X-rays or gamma rays, or from radioactive substances ingested. The impact of radiation hinges on factors such as the dosage, the length of exposure, and the organs subjected.
Certain types of radiation result in harm only when the radiation dose surpasses a specific threshold, typically around 1 sievert (Sv). Instances of this damage encompass radiation-induced dermatitis, cataracts, eventual organ dysfunction (which might manifest years later), and radiation sickness (an immediate response to substantial exposure).
In the case of different forms of radiation-induced harm, the likelihood of damage escalates when exposed to repeated radiation doses. A notable instance of this form of damage is cancer arising from radiation-triggered mutations (alterations in the genetic material of living cells). Incidents such as radioactive leaks from nuclear reactors can elevate mutation rates, potentially leading to a rise in cancer cases like leukemia, birth irregularities in subsequent generations, and hereditary conditions. The onset of cancer usually occurs several years post-exposure.
Managing damage can be achieved by constraining one’s exposure to radiation. Individuals subject to occupational radiation should undergo vigilant exposure monitoring to prevent surpassing secure thresholds. Those in their reproductive years or younger should take precautions to shield their reproductive organs during X-rays or radiotherapy sessions.
No proof exists to support the notion of radiation risks emerging from visual display units (VDUs) or the irradiation of food.