Discomfort or burning during urination. The problem usually results from an infection in the urinary tract, although it may also be caused by inflammation of the prostate gland (prostatitis) or a calculus or stone in the urinary tract. In women, it can be caused by a problem of the reproductive system such as cancer of the cervix. Diagnosis requires a physical examination and urinalysis to check for infectious microorganisms. Treatment depends on the cause.
Experiencing pain or discomfort during urination is medically termed as dysuria. The sensation is commonly described as a burning feeling and may sometimes be accompanied by difficulty initiating the urine stream. If pain persists after urination and is accompanied by a strong urge to continue, this is referred to as strangury.
The primary reason for experiencing strangury, particularly among women, is bladder inflammation, known as cystitis. Other potential causes are bladder tumors, bladder stones, and urethral inflammation, termed urethritis. For men, inflamed penile head (balanitis) and prostate gland inflammation (prostatitis) may be contributing factors. In women, vaginal yeast infection, also known as candidiasis or thrush, could also be a cause.
Strangury is generally the result of spasms in an inflamed bladder wall, although it can also be caused by bladder stones. Mild pain during urination may arise from highly concentrated urine.
Investigating painful urination may involve a physical exam, urine analysis, IV imaging of the urinary tract, or a cystoscopy. Treatment is aimed at addressing the underlying cause.