Mindblown: a blog about philosophy.
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Cholinomimetic
Having an action similar to that of acetylcholine; called also parasympathomimetic.
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Cholinergic system
A system of nerve cells that uses acetylcholine in transmitting nerve impulses. All the nerve fibers for which acetylcholine is a transmitter substance, in contrast to the adrenergic or monoaminergic.
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Cholinergic
Activated by or capable of liberating acetylcholine, especially in the parasympathetic nervous system. Referring to activation or transmission by the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Contrast with adrenergic. Activated or transmitted by acetylcholine (e.g. parasympathetic nerve fibers). An agent that produces the effect of acetylcholine at the connections of muscles and nerves. A neuron that uses acetylcholine (Ach)…
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Choline
A water soluble, organic compound, usually grouped within the Vitamin B complex. It is an essential nutrient and is needed for physiological functions such as structural integrity and signaling roles for cell membranes, cholinergic neuro-transmission (acetylcholine synthesis). A derivative of the amino acid serine; an important component of cell membranes, as the phospholipid phosphatidylcholine (lecithin).…
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Cholesterol
A soft, waxy, steroid substance found among the lipids (fats) in the bloodstream and in all our body’s cells. The principal sterol of all higher animals, distributed in body tissues, especially the brain and spinal cord, and in animal fats and oils. The principal sterol in animal tissues, an essential component of cell membranes and…
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Choleretic
Stimulation of the production of bile by the liver. Substance that encourages the liver to produce bile. A substance that stimulates the liver to produce bile. Referring to a substance which increases the production and flow of bile. An agent that prevents excessive bile production. An agent that stimulates the secretion of bile by the…
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Cholera
An infectious gastroenteritis caused by enterotoxin-producing strains of the bacterium Vibrio cholera and characterized by severe, watery diarrhea. A form of intestinal infection that results in frequent watery stools, cramping abdominal pain and eventual collapse from dehydration. A disease caused by a spirillum bacterium characterized by watery eyes, diarrhea, dehydration, and possible death. It is…
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Cholethiasis
Presence of gall stones (calculi) in the gall bladder.
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Cholecystokinin
A peptide hormone that plays a key role in facilitating digestion in the small intestine. Hormone that stimulates gall bladder and pancreatic secretion. A hormone released by cells at the top of the small intestine. It stimulates the gall bladder, making it contract and release bile. A hormone released from duodenal cells and which stimulates…
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Cholecystitis
Inflammation of the gall bladder. In acute form, usually caused by a gallstone that cannot pass through the cystic duct, and characterized by upper right quadrant pain, vomiting, and flatulence. In the chronic form, pain is often felt after a fatty meal. Surgery is the usual treatment. Inflammation of the gallbladder. Cholecystitis is usually the…
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