Mindblown: a blog about philosophy.

The cellular process by which cells excrete waste products or chemical transmitters. The releasing of an entity that was bound inside an “endosome” (e.g., inside a cell). Process by which cells release compounds such as hormones. The discharge of particles from a cell. They are too large to pass through the cell membrane by diffusion.…

A pharmacologically inert substance used as a diluent or vehicle for the active ingredients of a medication. Inert vehicle substance in drugs. A substance added to a drug so that it can be made into a pill. A substance that is combined with a drug in order to render it suitable for administration; for example…

Is the pathological process by which neurons are damaged and killed by glutamate and similar substances. A condition where neurons are damaged and killed by overactive excitatory neurotransmitter activity. A cascade of neuronal injury that leads to neurodegeneration and dementia. Abnormal stimulation of the central nervous system (CNS) following a traumatic stimulus, such as a…

Normal blood glucose concentration.  

Sexual excitement or heat of female; or period of this characterized by changes in the sex organs. A recurrent period of sexual receptivity in female animals marked by an intense sexual urge. Slang: in heat. The portion or phase of the sexual cycle of female animals characterized by a willingness to accept the male. Periodic…

Relating to estrogen or producing estrus. Has estrogen-type hormonal activity within the body. With a similar action to estrogen in the body, supporting and maintaining the female reproductive organs. A substance that induces female hormonal activity and that binds to and activates cells sensitive to the human hormone estrogen, which is found in the breasts…

Tumour is not driven by estrogen and need another test to determine the most effective treatment.  

Means that estrogen is causing the tumour to grow, and that the breast cancer should respond well to hormone suppression treatments.  

Is a protein found in high concentrations in the cytoplasm of breast, uterus, hypothalamus, and anterior hypophysis cells; ER levels are measured to determine a breast CA’s potential for response to hormonal manipulation. A cellular protein that binds female sex steroid hormones. When estrogens attach to it, they stimulate cells to transcribe DNA and manufacture…