Mindblown: a blog about philosophy.
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Ghrelin
A gastrointestinal peptide hormone secreted by epithelial cells in the stomach lining. A peptide hormone secreted by cells in the gastrointestinal tract that both stimulates the secretion of growth hormone and regulates feeding behaviour and energy balance by acting on the hypothalamus. A satiety factor responsive to protein feeding and low-carbohydrate-low-fat feeding. A polypeptide made…
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Genotoxic
Describes a poisonous substance which harms an organism by damaging its DNA thereby capable of causing mutations or cancer. Refers to compounds that interfere with normal functioning of genetic material (i.e., DNA). For example, the antitumor antibiotic family of duocarmycin drugs. A toxic agent that damages DNA molecules in genes, causing mutations, tumours, etc. A…
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Genotoxin
A chemical or other agent that damages cellular DNA, resulting in mutations or cancer.
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Gene silencing
Suppression of the expression of a gene. Interruption or suppression of the expression of a gene at transcriptional or translational levels.
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Gavage
The process of feeding liquids by tube directly into the stomach. Forced feeding, especially through a tube passed into the stomach. The forced feeding of someone who cannot eat or who refuses to eat. Artificial feeding of liquid or semiliquid food through a tube, most commonly one extending from the nose to the stomach (nasogastric…
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Gastrotonic (Gastroprotective)
Substance that strengthens, tones, or regulates gastric functions (or protects from injury) without overt stimulation or depression. Protect the stomach.
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Gastrocnemius muscle
The big calf muscle at the rear of the lower leg. Muscle in the back part of the leg that makes up the greater part of the calf. Muscle of the posterior surface of the lower leg that, when flexed, initiates plantar flexion. A large superficial muscle along the back of the leg. The gastrocnemius…
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Gastritis
Inflammation of the mucosal lining of the stomach; may result from infection or excessive alcohol consumption. Atrophic gastritis is the progressive loss of gastric secretion with increasing age. Inflammation of the stomach lining, with either congested and boggy membranes or inflamed membranes. It may be caused by bacteria and yeast, or chemical irritation like alcohol,…
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Gastric emptying
Refers to the speed at which food and drink leave the stomach. The rate of gastric (stomach) emptying after consumption of foods and beverages has potentially important influences with regard to athletic performance. Dietary (or nondietary) factors that slow the rate of gastric emptying can limit fuel availability for exercise, thus adversely impacting performance. Many…
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Gastric
Pertaining to or affecting the stomach. Having to do with the stomach. Pertains to the stomach, gastric digestion.
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