Mindblown: a blog about philosophy.
-
Balsalazide disodium
An anti-inflamatory drug especially useful in the treatment of gastrointestinal tract ailments. Trade name: Colazal.
-
Balance method
A method that quantitates intake versus excretion of a given nutrient. When balance is positive, intake exceeds excretion; when negative, excretion exceeds intake.
-
Baby bottle syndrome
Extensive dental caries that form in children allowed to nurse on bottles of fluid that contain carbohydrate. Usually the syndrome is noted in children less than two years of age who have been habitually put to bed with a bottle of milk or juice. Decay of primary teeth in older infants and toddlers related to…
-
Azo dyes
Additives involved in idiosyncratic food intolerance reactions. Tartrazine, a yellow azo dye, is frequently associated with these reactions. In Europe, it is used in lemonades, puddings, ice cream, mayonnaise, sweets, and preservatives. Urticaria and angioedema sometimes are associated with the ingestion of this dye.
-
Autoxidation
Reaction of an organic compound with elemental oxygen under mild conditions. Compounds such as polyunsaturated fatty acids, alcohols, phenols, and amines may undergo autoxidation. Free fatty acids are more susceptible to autoxidation than the fatty acids attached to glycerol as part of triacyglycerides.
-
Autosomal trait
A genetic trait or characteristic carried on any of the chromosomes except the sex chromosomes.
-
Autosomal recessive trait
A genetic trait that will express itself only if the individual inherits two identical copies of the same gene (one from each parent). It refers (usually) to a mutated gene on any chromosome except the X or Y chromosomes (the sex chromosomes).
-
Autoimmune diabetes mellitus
Diabetes mellitus due to autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing pancreatic islet cells. The prevalence of type 1 diabetes appears to be approximately 0.12% of the U.S. population. This prevalence is a far smaller number than that for type 2. In autoimmune disease, the insulin- producing pancreatic islet cell is destroyed because the immune system has…
-
Autocrine system
A variation of the paracrine system where the hormone secreting cell and the target of the hormone are located in the same cell.
-
Attributable proportion
An effect parameter, indicating the proportion of diseased persons (cases) which can be attributed to exposure. This proportion (AP^.) is obtained by dividing the rate difference by the rate among the exposed: APc= (I1 – I0)/I1. This is also a parameter for the proportion of cases in the total population which can be attributed to…
Got any book recommendations?