Mindblown: a blog about philosophy.
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Athlete’s heart
Oversized heart commonly found in professional athletes and those trained for endurance; it is believed to result from overexertion for an extended period. The heart’s increased pumping capacity delivers more oxygen to the skeletal muscles. Enlargement of the heart as a result of prolonged physical training (e.g., the aerobic exercise of running). This is not…
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Atherectomy
Procedure used to treat coronary artery disease in which a small catheter is passed into the involved artery by way of a percutaneous incision. The catheter contains a small blade that rotates and shaves away a portion of the obstructive atherosclerotic debris, which is collected in a chamber and discarded. Although used in several larger…
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Ataraxis
Mental calm esp. when consciousness is unimpaired.
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Ataraxic drug
Tranquilizer; sedative drug that does not produce sleep.
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Astemizole
Antihistamine drug used in the treatment of allergy and rhinitis. Side effects include drowsiness; overdoses of this drug may result in severe cardiac arrhythmias.
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Asbestos
Fiberlike, fire-resistant mineral commonly used as an insulator and roofing material; now implicated in causing lung disease (asbestosis) (even when inhaled in small amounts and for a limited time) and as a carcinogen. A tough, nearly indestructible fiber composed of mineral silicates. There are four types of asbestos: crocidolite, amosite, chrysotile, and tremolite. Asbestos exists…
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Artificial skin
Synthetic (e.g., plastic, cowhide collagen, shark cartilage) two-layer covering used experimentally to treat bum victims.
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Artificial organ
Synthetic device to replace a natural organ or to assist its function (e.g., artificial heart, artificial kidney, artificial pancreas).
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Artificial heart
Device designed to replace the heart and to pump blood throughout the body. An artificial heart (the Jarvik heart) was implanted in a human for the first time in late 1982 and worked in the patient for over 110 days, before he died of complications. Work on these devices is continuing. A mechanical device that…
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Artificial blood
Fluid that can carry large amounts of oxygen and is being used as a temporary substitute for blood. The most common is known as Fluosol-DA; it is similar to Teflon and made up of inert perfluorochemicals. Most clinical studies have involved persons who are seriously in need of blood but refuse blood transfusions (e.g., on…
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