Inflammation of the esophagus, caused by acid juices from the stomach or by infection.
The irritation of the esophagus is referred to as esophagitis. This condition encompasses two primary forms: corrosive esophagitis, which arises from the accidental or deliberate ingestion of caustic substances, and reflux esophagitis, triggered by the backflow of stomach contents.
Cleaning and disinfecting products are among the substances that are prone to causing significant corrosive esophagitis. This can lead to the rupture of the esophagus, which can be fatal. On the other hand, it might also heal but potentially result in the development of an esophageal stricture, leading to the narrowing of the esophagus.
Reflux esophagitis arises from inadequate muscle function in the lower esophagus, which allows the acidic contents of the stomach to move upward into the esophagus. The primary symptom, heartburn, can be exacerbated by factors like alcohol, smoking, and obesity. Poor functioning of the lower esophagus may also be associated with a hiatus hernia, where the upper portion of the stomach shifts back and forth through the muscular diaphragm situated between the chest and abdomen.
Barrett’s esophagus is a consequence of reflux esophagitis wherein the cells that usually form the stomach lining extend into the esophagus. This condition carries the potential risk of developing into cancer. Intense and persistent esophagitis can result in the formation of an esophageal stricture.
In most instances of persistent reflux esophagitis, the recommended treatment involves making adjustments to one’s diet and lifestyle, including weight loss, avoiding heavy meals, limiting alcohol consumption, and quitting smoking. Antacid medications are employed to lower acidity levels. Surgical intervention, including minimally invasive procedures, might be required in cases involving a hiatus hernia.