Nutritional imbalances can arise from a lack or abundance of certain nutrients or from the ingestion of toxic substances in one’s food.
A diet lacking in carbohydrates typically also falls short in protein. This can result in protein-calorie malnutrition, commonly seen in extreme poverty or famine situations.
People might also experience insufficient protein and calorie consumption if they overly restrict their diet for weight loss, have misconceptions about nutrition and wellness, or neglect food because of alcohol or drug addiction.
A lack of certain nutrients is often linked to digestive system disorders, including coeliac disease, Crohn’s disease, or pernicious anaemia.
Obesity arises when one consumes more energy than the body expends. It poses significant health risks, including coronary artery disease, high blood pressure, and strokes, which are brain damages caused by disrupted blood flow. Consuming too much saturated fat is believed to contribute to cardiovascular diseases and some cancers. Overconsumption of minerals and vitamins can also lead to nutritional imbalances.
Natural toxins can disrupt the digestion, absorption, or use of nutrients and may induce specific conditions because of their harmful effects. For instance, the ergot fungus found on rye can lead to ergotism. This condition can manifest symptoms like tissue death in toes and fingers, seizures, and psychological disturbances.
Food can also be tainted by industrial pollutants, pesticides, fertilizers, and other chemical substances.