Is an essential element for heath. It is an important constituent of some enzymes and an activator of other enzymes in physiologic processes. Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is the principal antioxidant enzyme in the mitochondria. Manganese-activated enzymes play important roles in the metabolism of carbohydrates, amino acids, and cholesterol. Manganese is the preferred cofactor of enzymes called glycosyltransferases which are required for the synthesis of proteoglycans that are needed for the formation of healthy cartilage and bone. Dietary source include whole grains, fruit, legumes (soybean and by-products), green leafy vegetables, beetroot and tea.
A metallic trace element.
An essential mineral involved in blood sugar control, energy production and increased antioxidant activity.
An essential mineral that serves as a cofactor for the enzymes pyruvate carboxylase (converts pyruvate to oxaloacetate) and superoxide dismutase. The latter enzyme also requires copper as a cofactor.
Manganese is an essential micromineral that has been less well studied than many others. Dietary sources include legumes, whole grains, some fruits, and meat, fish, and poultry. Manganese has been linked to brain function and is important for normal function of several enzymes, including a manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase, which provides an antioxidant defense. It is also required for the production of urea. Although manganese has some role in the antioxidant defense of the body, its potential use in athletes has not been assessed.
Metallic element important in trace amounts in metabolism.
A grayish metallic element, the oxide of which, when inhaled by miners in underventilated mines, causes brain damage and symptoms very similar to those of parkinsonism.
A metallic element found in many foods, some plants, and in the tissues of the higher animals. It has an atomic weight of 54.938, an atomic number of 25, and a specific gravity of 7.21. It is an essential element needed for normal bone metabolism and many enzyme reactions. Deficiency in humans has not been demonstrated.