The classification of HIV has undergone advancements resulting in the identification of various groups, facilitating further differentiation. Notably, distinct lineages have been designated as groups M, N, O, and P. Among these, group M, commonly referred to as the pandemic strain, encompasses the majority of HIV strains. Within group M, viruses are further categorized into subtypes, currently numbering 10 (A to J). These subtypes are also referred to as clades. HIV clade B, the most prevalent clade in the United States and Europe, is the primary focus of HIV testing, as the initial testing methods were developed to detect this specific clade.