Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia is a genetic condition characterized by the dilation of capillaries (tiny blood vessels) in the skin and mucous membranes, including the nose, mouth, and gastrointestinal tract. These distended blood vessels are prone to recurrent bleeding, which can lead to iron deficiency anemia. The condition follows an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance, meaning it can be passed down from one affected parent to their children.