That part of the upper limb distal to the forearm consisting of the carpus, metacarpus, and fingers.
The part at the end of the arm, beyond the wrist, which is used for holding things.
That part of the upper limb distal to the forearm and extending from the wrist to include the fingers. It contains 27 bones, including 8 in the wrist, 5 in the metacarpal region, and 14 in the fingers. Also called manus.
The most flexible part of the skeleton, extending from the wrist to the tips of the fingers.
In structure, the hand has a bony basis of eight small carpal bones in the wrist, five metacarpal bones in the fleshy part of the hand, and three phalanges in each finger two only in the thumb. From the muscles of the forearm, 12 strong tendons run in front of the wrist. Of these, nine go to the fingers and thumb and are bound down by a strong band, the flexor retinaculum, in front of the wrist. They are each enclosed in a complicated synovial sheath, and pass through the palm and down the fingers. Behind the wrist, 12 tendons likewise cross from forearm to hand.
The body part attached to the forearm at the wrist. It includes the wrist (carpus) with its eight ones, the metacarpus or body of the hand (ossametacarpalia) having five bones, and the fingers (phalanges) with their 14 bones. In some occupations and recreational endeavors, workers use their hands as hammers, which may damage the ulnar nerve and artery, with consequent signs of ischemia and neuropathy.
The hand, one of the most adaptable parts of the body, enables humans and other primates to hold and manipulate objects. This ability largely stems from the independent movement and gripping capacity of the fingers and thumb.
The hand receives blood from two arteries: the radial artery located on the thumb side of the wrist, and the ulnar artery found on the side of the little finger. Prominent veins on the back of the hand facilitate the removal of blood. Sensation and motion in the hand are regulated by the radial, ulnar, and median nerves.
Hands are extremely prone to various types of injuries, such as cuts, burns, bites, fractures, and tendon damages. Dermatitis is also prevalent due to the hands’ exposure to a wide range of irritating substances.
Other conditions affecting the hand include Dupuytren’s contracture, which leads to the tightening of tissue in the palm, and Volkmann’s contracture, where damage to the forearm muscles results in deformities of the wrist and fingers. A harmless swelling, known as a ganglion, can occur due to the degeneration of a tendon sheath on the top side of the wrist. Osteoarthritis often impacts the joint at the base of the thumb. Meanwhile, rheumatoid arthritis can cause deformity by targeting the joints at the base of the fingers and causing tendon ruptures.