Gerstmann-Straussler syndrome is a rare hereditary form of spongiform encephalopathy, which belongs to the group of degenerative brain disorders, including Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. It is thought to be caused by prion infection (slow virus).
The disease is distinguished by ataxia, resulting in a loss of balance, and dementia. Its symptoms typically manifest during early adulthood. In comparison to Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, the progression of this condition is slower. However, there is currently no cure, and most individuals affected by it succumb to the disease within a span of three to five years.