The focal point refers to the location where light rays come together after passing through a lens. In individuals with normal vision, light rays from an object converge precisely on the light-sensitive retina after passing through the cornea and lens, creating a sharp and clear image. However, in shortsightedness (myopia), the focal point falls in front of the retina, leading to a blurred image. On the other hand, in longsightedness (hyperopia), the focal point occurs beyond the retina, resulting in a similarly blurred image.