In psychiatry, the study of the incidence, distribution, prevalence, and control of mental disorders in a given population. Common terms in epidemiology are: a) Endemic: Native to or restricted to a particular area. b) Epidemic: The outbreak of a disorder that affects significant numbers of persons in a given population at any time. c) Pandemic: Occurring over a very wide area, in many countries, or universally.
The study of the incidence and prevalence of disease among a population. Statistical markers such as the variables of gender, age, race, and occupation are counted. Over a period of time, changes are calculated and information is gathered about the distribution of disease.
The science that is concerned with the nature of disease among groups of people.
The study of the nature, cause, control, and determinants of the frequency and distribution of diseases and disability in human populations. This involves characterizing the distribution of health status, diseases or other health problems in terms of age, sex, race, geography, etc.; explaining the distribution of a disease or health problem in terms of its causal factors; and assessing and explaining the impact of control measures, clinical intervention and health services on diseases and other problems. The epidemiology of a disease is the description of its presence in a population and the factors controlling its presence or absence.
The study of diseases in the community, in particular how they spread and how they can be controlled.
The study of the health status of a population.
Study of the causes, occurrences, and control of disease.
Study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in populations.
The science of tracking widespread contagious and other diseases and conditions.
The study of the occurrence and distribution of diseases in large populations, including the conditions influencing the spread and severity of disease. Epidemiology is a medical science that investigates and traces the general causes of disease within a given population or among several populations, as well as the source of isolated outbreaks of a specific disease.
The study of epidemic disease, with a view to finding means of control and future prevention. This not only applies to the study of such classical epidemics as plague, smallpox, and cholera but also includes all forms of disease that relate to the environment and ways of life. It thus includes the study of the links between smoking and cancer, and diet and coronary disease, as well as ‘communicable diseases.
The study of diseases or causes of disease in relationship to a population, such as a hospital or a community. Epidemiology deals primarily with the analysis of existing data rather than data collected prospectively in an experimental design.
The study of disease as it affects groups of people. Originating in the study of epidemics of diseases like cholera, plague and smallpox, epidemiology is an important discipline which contributes to the control not only of infectious diseases but also of conditions such as heart disease and cancer. Their distributions in populations can provide important pointers to possible causes. The relation between the environment and disease is an essential part of epidemiology.
The study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states and events in populations, and the application of this study to the control of health problems. Epidemiology is concerned with the traditional study of epidemic diseases caused by infectious agents and with health-related phenomena including accidents, suicide, climate, toxic agents such as lead, air pollution, and catastrophes due to ionizing radiation.
The study of disease among populations and the ways to prevent or control disease.
The study of disease as it affects a particular part of the population.
The study of the factors affecting the outbreak and spread of infectious diseases (BMS).
The investigation of the frequency and distribution of diseases within human populations.
Epidemiology is the field of medicine that focuses on the occurrence and distribution of diseases, encompassing both infectious diseases like cholera and influenza, as well as noninfectious diseases such as cancer and heart disease.
Epidemiological studies involve counting and describing the members of a population based on variables like race, sex, age, social class, and occupation. The incidence and prevalence of the specific disease under investigation are then assessed. These observations can be periodically repeated to track changes over time. The collected data forms a statistical record that may reveal connections between specific variables and the distribution of the disease.
In comparative epidemiological studies, researchers select two or more groups for analysis. For instance, in a study investigating the connection between smoking and lung cancer, one group may consist of smokers while the other comprises nonsmokers. The epidemiologist calculates the proportion of individuals with cancer in each group. To ensure accurate results, the researcher takes great care to make the two groups as similar as possible in all other relevant aspects, carefully matching factors like age, sex, and weight.
The examination of outbreaks of diseases and their global distribution.