Incomplete formation of tooth enamel, caused by local trauma to the tooth, infections such as syphilis, exposure to fluoride during dental development, and genetic and metabolic diseases.
A flaw in the tooth enamel, which may be a result of a condition known as amelogenesis imperfecta. This defect could also arise from vitamin deficiencies, physical harm, or an infection in a primary tooth that disrupts the maturation of the enamel.