A polysaccharide produced by yeasts and bacteria as an energy storage reservoir (analogous to fat in humans). Consists of glucose residues, joined almost exclusively by alpha-1,6 linkages. Occasional branches (in the molecule) are formed by alpha 1,2, alpha 1,3, or alpha 1,4 linkages. Which linkage is used depends on the species of yeast or bacteria producing the dextran.
A water-soluble polysaccharide used as a synthetic plasma volume expander in infusion.
A glucose polymer.
Derivate of sucrose formed by some species of streptococci growing in sucrose broth, producing increased viscosity, and flocculation on the addition of ethanol.
A carbohydrate, consisting of branched chains of glucose units, that is a storage product of bacteria and yeasts. Preparations of dextran solution are used in transfusions, to increase the volume of plasma.
The name given to a group of polysaccharides sometimes used as a substitute for plasma for transfusion purposes. For example, it can be used as an immediate rescue measure to treat severe bleeding or certain types of shock until properly cross-matched blood is available. A blood sample for cross-matching must be taken before intravenous dextran is given.
A polysaccharide produced by the action of Leuconostoc mesenteroides on sucrose. It is available in various molecular weights and is used as a plasma volume expander.
A complex carbohydrate known as a polysaccharide, comprising intricately branched chains of glucose molecules. The activity of bacteria on sucrose in the oral cavity leads to the production of dextrans, which contribute to the formation of plaque, a rough and adhesive layer that coats the teeth. This accumulation of plaque serves as a significant factor contributing to the development of tooth decay.
Synthetic dextran solutions produced for commercial purposes can be utilized in surgical procedures or emergency interventions for shock management. Their application involves augmenting the plasma volume, which refers to the fluid component of the blood circulating within the body. Dextrans employed specifically for this intention are commonly referred to as plasma expanders.