A condition in which the roots of a tooth dissolve and the structure of the roots is broken down, resulting in loosened teeth. Dental resorption of the roots in the primary teeth allows the deciduous teeth to shed, and this is a normal stage in the development of permanent teeth. But dental resorption of the roots of the permanent teeth is usually caused by excessive pressure on the tooth or by certain disorders. Resorption of a tooth may be caused by ongoing pressure of orthodontic appliances, irregularities in the bite, or dental impaction of adjacent teeth. The following factors also can lead to dental resorption: lesions, tumors, or cysts in the gums near the roots of the teeth; inflammation caused by infection, such as pulpitis; or physical trauma. Sometimes, the causes of dental resorption are unknown. The condition is diagnosed by X rays. Underlying causes must be treated to prevent further loss of structure in the roots of the teeth.
The erosion of material from teeth can occur externally, impacting the root’s surface, or internally, affecting the lining of the pulp cavity.
External resorption is a component of the mechanism responsible for the shedding of primary teeth. It’s believed to occur due to the influence of the emerging permanent teeth below, exerting pressure. Additionally, a certain level of external resorption happens naturally during the aging process. This can also be triggered by factors like injury, inflammation of nearby tissues, or pressure caused by situations like an impacted tooth. In contrast, internal resorption is an uncommon phenomenon, appearing in roughly one percent of adults, and its underlying cause remains unidentified.
The identification of resorption typically occurs through dental X-rays. Managing external resorption is contingent upon understanding its root cause. On the other hand, internal resorption is generally addressable through root canal therapy.