This particular type of thyroiditis, characterized by the inflammation of the thyroid gland, is relatively rare and is triggered by a viral infection. It typically occurs subsequent to a viral infection affecting the nasal passages and throat.
The thyroid gland, positioned in the anterior part of the neck, may experience pain and enlargement, often accompanied by fever. During this period, there is a temporary surge in thyroid hormone levels, resulting in a state of hyperthyroidism that persists for several weeks. The inflammation-induced damage to the thyroid gland prompts the release of its hormone reserves. Subsequently, there is a decline in hormone levels, leading to a state of hypothyroidism, as the reserves become depleted.
Aspirin is administered to address the inflammation, while in more severe instances, a brief regimen of the corticosteroid medication prednisolone is prescribed. Following appropriate treatment of the condition, thyroid function typically reverts back to its normal state.