A naturally occurring stimulant drug found in the leaves of the coca plant, erythroxylon coca. Its systemic effects include nervous system stimulation, manifested by garrulousness, restlessness, excitement, delusional ideas, a false feeling of increased strength and mental capacity, and epileptic seizures.
Signs and symptoms are the same as in amphetamine intoxication.
Symptoms and signs are the same as in amphetamine withdrawal.
An anesthetic derived from the coca plant. It is often legally classified as a narcotic, but pharmacologically, it is not. Its anesthetic properties were discovered in 1860; between 1885 and 1905, it was extensively used in eye surgery and dentistry. In 1885, Sigmund Freud recommended its use in the treatment of withdrawal symptoms from moiphine addiction and as a valuable aid in psychiatry. Cocaine numbs a localized area when injected. When injected systemically, however, it stimulates heart action and the central nervous system. Large amounts can result in cardiac arrest is a stimulant and addicting drug.
A narcotic drug not generally used in medicine because its use leads to addiction, but sometimes used as a surface anaesthetic.
Stimulant drug that comes from the leaves of the coca plant.
White, crystalline powder, derived from the leaves of the coca plant (Erythroxylon coca) or prepared synthetically and used as a topical anesthetic, especially for eye, ear, nose, and throat examinations. Cocaine is also a drug of abuse, used for its stimulating and anesthetic properties. Adverse reactions, especially when used illicitly, include restlessness, euphoria, tremors, stroke, and myocardial infarction. It is addictive and associated with death due to heart attacks and cardiovascular accidents (stokes), even in young people.
An alkaloid, derived from the leaves of the coca plant (Erythroxylon coca) or prepared synthetically, sometimes used as a local anesthetic in eye, ear, nose, and throat surgery. It constricts the small blood vessels at the site of application and therefore need not be given with epinephrine. Since it causes feelings of exhilaration and may lead to psychological dependence, cocaine has largely been replaced by safer anesthetics.
Coca leaves are obtained from two South American plants, Erythroxylum coca and Erythroxylum truxillense, and contain an alkaloid, cocaine. Cocaine has marked effects as a stimulant, and, locally applied, as an anaesthetic by paralysing nerves of sensation. The dried leaves have been used from time immemorial by the South American Indians, who chew them mixed with a little lime. Their effect is to dull the mucous surfaces of mouth and stomach, with which the saliva, produced by chewing them, comes into contact — thus blunting, for long periods, all feeling of hunger. The cocaine, being absorbed, stimulates the central nervous system so that all sense of fatigue and breathlessness vanishes for a time. It was by the use of coca that the Indian post-runners of South America were able to achieve their extraordinary feats of endurance. The continued use of the drug, however, results in emaciation, loss of memory, sleeplessness and general breakdown. Dependence on cocaine or a derivative, ‘crack’, is now a serious social problem in many countries.
A euphoriant and a CNS stimulant whose effects last from 20 minutes to several hours, depending on the drug’s purity. It is a fine, opalescent, white, fluffy, odorless, and bitter-tasting drug sold for illegal, recreational use. It is the second most widely used illegal drug in the United States. Cocaine may be snorted, injected, swallowed, or smoked.
Cocaine is a substance derived from the leaves of the coca plant, Erythroxylon Coca. While it was previously employed as a local anesthetic for minor surgical procedures, its usage in this context has significantly diminished due to the risk of abuse. Other anesthetics have largely taken its place in medical practice.
Cocaine exerts its influence on the brain, eliciting feelings of euphoria and heightened energy levels. These effects have contributed to its illicit use. Prolonged inhalation of the drug can harm the nasal lining and potentially lead to septum perforation, a condition characterized by a hole in the tissue separating the two sides of the nose. Continued and excessive consumption of cocaine can result in dependence, and in cases of high doses, it may induce psychosis, which can manifest as violent behavior in users. Overdosing on cocaine can trigger seizures and cardiac arrest.
Crack cocaine, a refined variant of cocaine, elicits a significantly faster and more intense reaction when compared to its counterpart. Unfortunately, the adverse impact of this drug on the heart has led to fatalities in some cases.