Glossary

Category: S

  • Sialyltransferases

    Enzymes that transfer sialic acid to nascent oligosaccharide. A group of enzymes with the general formula CMP-N-acetylneuraminate:acceptor N-acetylneuraminyl transferase. They catalyze the transfer of N-acetylneuraminic acid from CMP-N-acetylneuraminic acid to an acceptor, which is usually the terminal sugar residue of an oligosaccharide, a glycoprotein, or a glycolipid.  

  • Sialyation

    Reaction with sialic acid or its derivatives; used especially with oligosaccharides.  

  • Sialoproteins

    Glycoproteins that contain sialic acid as one of their carbohydrates.  

  • Sialogogue

    Sialogogue

    Salivation-promoter, a substance used to increase or promote the excretion of saliva. An agent that stimulates the flow, secretion of saliva. A drug that promotes the secretion of saliva. Parasympathomimetic drugs have this action. An agent promoting the flow of saliva.    

  • Shingles

    Skin rash caused by the Zoster virus (same virus that causes chicken pox) and is medically termed Herpes zoster. A virus that lives in the nerves and affects one specific part of the body. A viral infection affecting the nerve endings of the skin. Painful raised lesions along nerve roots. A painful rash that is…

  • Shiga toxin

    A toxin produced by the bacterium Shigella dysenteriae, which disrupts the function of ribosomes. An extremely poisonous compound secreted by certain enteric bacteria that causes hemorrhagic and necrotic colitis. The toxin was formerly called verotoxin because of its effect on Vero cells (lineages of cells used in cell cultures and isolated from kidney epithelial cells…

  • Shiga toxigenic Escherichia coli (STEC)

    Comprises a diverse group of organisms capable of causing severe gastrointestinal disease in humans.  

  • Shiga–like toxin

    A toxin produced by the bacterium Escherichia coli which disrupts the function of ribosomes, also known as verotoxin.  

  • SGPT, Serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase

    An enzyme normally present in serum and body tissues, especially in the liver; it is released into the serum as a result of tissue injury, also called Alanine transaminase (ALT).  

  • SGOT, Serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase

    An enzyme that is normally present in liver and heart cells. SGOT is released into blood when the liver or heart is damaged. Also called aspartate transaminase (AST).