Category: P

One of the dense collections of gray matter, deep in each cerebral hemisphere, that go to make up the basal ganglia. The Globus pallidus of the lenticular nucleus in the corpus striatum.  

A neurosurgical operation to destroy or modify the effects of the globus pallidus. This operation was used for the relief of parkinsonism and other conditions in which involuntary movements were prominent. Surgical, chemical, electrical, or cryogenic removal or inactivation of the globus pallidus of the brain.  

Repetition of phrases while speaking: a form of ‘stammering or a kind of tic. A speech disorder where words or phrases are echoed or reiterated.  

Writing in which the words and letters are reversed so that they appear as mirror images. Adoption of this as a consistent style is usually a matter of voluntary choice or is hysterical; very occasionally it follows brain damage. Mirror-image reversals of single letters are common in children learning to write and in older children…

Describing diseases or symptoms that recur or get worse. An adjective describing symptoms or diseases that recur. For example, palindromic rheumatoid arthritis is a condition in which symptoms wax and wane with periods of complete remission.  

The anterior and central part of the thalamus, older in evolutionary terms than the lateral part (the neothalamus), which is well developed in apes and man.  

The study of the diseases of man and other animals in prehistoric times, from examination of their bones or other remains. By examining the bones of specimens of Neanderthal man it has been discovered that spinal arthritis was a disease that existed at least 50,000 years ago.  

The anterior lobe of the cerebellum. In evolutionary terms it is one of the earliest parts of the hindbrain to develop in mammals. Phylogenetically, the older portion of the cerebellum including the flocculi, certain parts of the vermis (lingula, nodulus, uvula), and the lobulus centralis (culmen, pyramis, uvula, and simple lobule). These parts are concerned…

Either of a pair of approximately L-shaped bones of the face that contribute to the hard palate, the nasal cavity, and the orbits.  

The third stage of the first prophase of meiosis, in which crossing over begins. The stage in meiosis following zygotene, in which the paired homologous chromosomes become shorter, thicker, and form tetrads; crossing over may take place.