Category: O

The process in which NADH + H+ and EADH, are oxidized in the electron transport system and the energy released is used to synthesize ATP from ADP and P. The enzymatic phosphorylation of ADP to ATP coupled to electron transport from a substrate to molecular oxygen. The synthesis (production) of ATP from the starting materials…

A state of chronic decrement in performance and ability to train, in which restoration may take several weeks, months, or even years. Overtraining syndrome is not well understood, but occurs in times of excess training with inadequate recovery and often includes non-training stressors. Overtraining can produce a variety of symptoms, which include poor athletic performance,…

A short-term decrement in performance capacity that generally lasts only a few days to 2 weeks and from which the individual easily recovers.  

The process of coating the membrane of an antigen, making it easier for phagocytes to adhere to and engulf the antigen. Process by which opsonins make an invading microorganism more susceptible to phagocytosis. The process by which opsonins render bacteria more attractive to phagocytes by attaching themselves to their outer surfaces and changing their physical…

The maximal weight that an individual can lift once during a dynamic resistance exercise.  

Injuries that occur, such as shin splints and tendonitis, from too much activity that places excessive stress on the body. An injury to musculoskeletal tissues typically affecting the upper extremity or cervical spine, resulting from repeated movement, temperature extremes, overuse, incorrect posture, or sustained force or vibration. Resulting disorders include carpal tunnel syndrome, tenosynovitis, tendinitis,…

An approach based on the assumption that “for every twisted mind there is a twisted molecule” and that in some way psychiatric illness, and perhaps other illnesses, are due to biochemical abnormalities, resulting in increased needs for specific substances, such as vitamins. This treatment is of unknown and unproved efficacy. An unorthodox method of treatment…

The thirteen founding fathers of the Association of Medical Superintendents of American Institutions for the Insane, 1844-1891, and The American Medico-Psychological Association, 1892-1919.  

An antioxidant.