Category: G

Greig cephalopolysyndactyly syndrome is characterized by craniofacial anomalies and polydactyly and syndactyly of the hands and feet. This syndrome is inherited as a fully penetrant autosomal dominant disorder. It has four major malformation components: postaxial polydactyly, preaxial polydactyly, syndactyly, and craniofacial anomalies. These four manifestations are quite variable, making the diagnosis difficult in mildly affected…

Goodpasture disease is a multisystem, rapidly progressive autoimmune disease that initially presents as a pulmonary- renal syndrome and—if not treated—progresses to respiratory and renal failure. Goodpasture disease in characterized by the presence of autoantibodies in the immune system that attack the lungs and kidneys and cause hemorrhaging in the basement membrane lining of the lungs…

Because Goldenhar syndrome includes a wide spectrum of physical features and symptoms, a number of names have arisen. Other names for this syndrome include Goldenhar Gorlin syndrome, the oculoauriculovertebral (OAV) spectrum, ocular-auriculo-vertebral anomaly, first and second branchial arch syndrome, facio-auriculo-vertebral (FAV) spectrum, and oculo-auriculo-vertebral dysplasia. This is a rare, congenital form of dysplasia (abnormal growth)…

Glycogen storage disease Type VIII is a rare genetic metabolic disorder characterized by an accumulation of glycogen in the central nervous system and can result in substantial abnormalities and dysfunction of the central nervous system. Glycogen storage disease Type VIII affects the X chromosome and results in a deficiency of a liver enzyme called phosphorylase…

Glaucoma is a disease characterized by abnormally high intraocular pressure caused by blockage or disturbance of normal fluid circulation within the eye. Glaucoma occurring in the first 3 years is commonly termed infantile glaucoma, and onset after the age of 3 is often referred to as juvenile glaucoma. The term congenital glaucoma suggests that the…

Giant hypertrophic gastritis is a chronic disorder that affects the stomach. This disorder results in the formation of ridges and folds in the inner walls of the stomach and can cause inflammation of the stomach (National Organization for Rare Disorders [NORD], 2001), and reduced acid secretion in the stomach (Griffith’s Five-Minute Clinical Consult: A Reference…

Gardner syndrome is a rare, inherited disorder of the gastrointestinal system and is a variant of familial adenomatous polyposis. The syndrome consists of a triad of symptoms, including colonic polyps, bone tumors, and soft tissue tumors or cysts. Often, the first symptoms to appear in childhood include osteomas of the skull and supernumerary growth of…

Gait disturbances are characterized by the loss of or difficulty with the ability to coordinate smooth motor movements related to gait, or locomotion. Gait disturbance can vary in severity from an almost unobservable difficulty in walking to an almost complete inability to produce independent locomotion. There are many problems and diseases that can result in…

Many dietary techniques and supplements that have been used to improve endurance exercise performance are based on their potential glycogen-sparing properties. Adequate fuel substrates for exercise are critical for preventing fatigue. When liver glycogen is depleted during exercise, adequate production of glucose is not possible under conditions of intense physical activity; thus, hypoglycemia ensues and…