Category: F

Familial hypercholesterolaemia is a genetically inherited condition that affects the metabolism of lipoproteins, leading to an elevated cholesterol level in the blood. This occurs because the individuals suffering from this disorder lack the necessary low-density lipoprotein receptors in their liver. These receptors play a crucial role in removing surplus cholesterol from the bloodstream. The inheritance…

The likelihood of falling tends to progressively increase as one gets older. This heightened risk of falling often results from the gradual slowing of reflexes, leading to situations where an older person who stumbles may be too slow to avert a fall. Falls could merely be accidents, often triggered by ground obstructions like loose floor…

The act of expelling material that bears a resemblance to feces, either in its appearance or smell, or both. Faecal vomiting serves as an indication of a severe intestinal blockage.  

Factor IX is a significant protein present in the blood, crucial for the clotting mechanism. When there is a deficiency of factor IX, it leads to a rare genetic bleeding disorder known as Christmas disease.  

Factor V is a blood protein responsible for regulating the balance between blood clotting too easily or too slowly following an injury. Approximately 5 per cent of the population have an inherited mutation in the gene controlling factor V production, known as factor V Leiden. Individuals with this mutation face an elevated risk of deep-vein…

This genetic disorder is autosomal dominant and leads to muscle weakness and wasting. It typically emerges during childhood or adolescence. The muscle wasting predominantly affects the face, shoulder girdle, and arms initially, and later progresses to involve the pelvis and legs.  

Facet joints are a specific type of joints located in the spine. These joints are formed by the bony projections (processes) of one vertebra fitting into the hollow of the vertebra above. The facet joints play a crucial role in allowing a certain degree of movement between the vertebrae, which contributes to the flexibility of…

The excision of the clitoris, labia majora, and labia minora, which involves the removal of all or specific parts of the external female genitalia, is commonly referred to as female circumcision. In some instances, this procedure is accompanied by the narrowing of the vaginal opening. Female circumcision, prevalent in specific regions of Africa, lacks any…

An ominous and potentially life-threatening complication arising from amebic dysentery, distinguished by abrupt and intense inflammation of the inner lining of the intestines, excessive bleeding or hemorrhaging, and extensive exfoliation of deceased tissue.  

An inherited ailment affecting the innermost layer of the cornea, necessitating the therapeutic intervention of penetrating keratoplasty. Furthermore, the ocular lens may also be impacted, demanding simultaneous surgical substitution alongside the corneal procedure.