Category: D
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Dehydratases
Enzymes that catalyze the removal of a molecule of water from a carbon chain. These enzymes frequently require pyridoxine as a coenzyme.
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Degrade
To reduce large molecules to smaller ones.
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Deep frying
A food preparation method consisting of immersing the food totally in hot fat. This method may result in the formation of small amounts of stable peroxides.
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Decarboxylase
An enzyme that catalyzes the removal of a carboxyl group from a carbon chain. An enzyme that catalyzes the release of carbon dioxide form compounds such as amino acids.
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Debranching
The enzymatic removal of side chains from a branched polymer such as glycogen.
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Deaminase
An enzyme which catalyzes the removal of an amino group from a carbon chain. An enzyme that causes the removal of an amino group from organic compounds.
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Digestive energy
The energy of food after the costs (and losses) of digestion are subtracted.
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Dawn phenomenon
Early morning hyperglycemia thought to result from decreased sensitivity to insulin. A marked increase in insulin requirements between 6 A.M. and 9 A.M. as compared with the midnight to 6 A.M. period. The increased dose of insulin required during this period is in contrast to the Somogyi phenomenon, which is managed by decreasing insulin during…
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Darbepoetin alfa
A drug that can stimulate hematopoiesis and is therefore useful in combating anemia.
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Dalteparin sodium
A low molecular weight heparin that is useful as an anticoagulant.