Category: D

Dianette is a brand name for a medication that combines cyproterone acetate with ethinylestradiol, which are synthetic sex hormones. It is prescribed to treat severe acne or hirsutism (excessive hairiness) in women. The combination of cyproterone acetate and ethinylestradiol works by regulating hormone levels and reducing the activity of androgens, which can contribute to the…

Diamorphine, a synthetic opioid analgesic closely related to morphine, is known by another name: heroin. It is utilized for the management of severe pain and to alleviate distress in cases of acute heart failure. However, it is important to note that diamorphine carries a risk of dependence, which should be carefully considered when prescribing this…

Ultrasound scanning involves the utilization of high-frequency sound waves to create images of internal organs, aiding doctors in making accurate diagnoses. This non-invasive imaging technique allows for the visualization of various body structures, providing valuable insights into their composition and function. Ultrasound scans can capture dynamic images, enabling the observation of processes such as the…

Pregnancy can be associated with diabetes mellitus. The term “diabetic pregnancy” can encompass two scenarios: a pregnancy in a woman with pre-existing diabetes or the development of diabetes during pregnancy, known as gestational diabetes. In the former case, the woman already has diabetes before becoming pregnant, whereas in the latter case, diabetes occurs during the…

Diabetes mellitus can lead to joint damage, which arises from the loss of protective pain sensation that can occur when peripheral nerves are damaged. This condition frequently affects the joints in the legs, with the ankle being particularly susceptible. The diminished ability to perceive pain increases the risk of injury and can result in joint…

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, a method that evaluates the density of bones by transmitting low-dose radiation beams through skeletal structures. DEXA scans serve the purpose of assessing the extent of osteoporosis, a medical condition affecting bone strength.  

A central nervous system stimulant is occasionally employed for the treatment of narcolepsy, a sleep disorder. It is also utilized in children diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) who have not shown a positive response to treatment with methylphenidate. Due to its stimulant properties, dexamphetamine has unfortunately become subject to drug abuse. Excessive usage…

A rare condition, sometimes referred to as neuromyelitis optica, involves the demyelination of optic nerve fibers and the spinal cord. The initial stage of the condition is characterized by inflammation of the optic nerves, resulting in vision loss. Furthermore, individuals may experience episodes of numbness, muscle weakness, and lack of coordination in the areas of…

Congenital hip dysplasia is a condition that manifests at birth, characterized by the improper fitting of the femoral head (thigh bone) into the socket-like cup of the pelvis, resulting in an abnormal joint formation. This condition can affect one or both hips. The exact cause of developmental hip dysplasia remains unknown. However, the condition is…

The detrimental consequences arising from the ingestion of cleaning agents found in shampoos, laundry powders, and household cleaning liquids are known as toxic effects. These effects encompass symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal swelling.