Category: B

A measurement of a particular enzyme, substrate, or specific characteristic of cells, tissues, or whole animals that characterizes and identifies that particular biological system. A signal that serves as an indicator of the state of a living organism. Within the domain of medical diagnostics, there exists a biochemically active compound, detectable within blood samples, which…

A measure of the nutritional quality of a dietary protein. It takes into consideration its availability and its amino acid composition in terms of the amino acid needs of the consumer. Foods containing high-quality proteins are usually from animal sources (milk, eggs, meat, cheese, etc.), while poor-quality proteins are usually (but not always) from plants.…

The measure of resistance to an alternating current in a body. Used to estimate percent body fat and body water.  

Stones in the biliary tree. If vessels are blocked by these stones, biliary cirrhosis results.  

Breakdown products of the heme portion of hemoglobin, myoglobin, and the cytochromes (bilirubin, biliverdin, and heme). Colored compounds, breakdown products of the blood pigment hemoglobin, that are excreted in bile. The two most important bile pigments are bilirubin, which is orange or yellow, and its oxidized form biliverdin, which is green. Mixed with the intestinal…

Group of medications used to treat hypercholesterolemia.  

Antihyperglycemic drugs useful in controlling elevated blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus. One such drug is metformin. Oral hypoglycemic agents; medications for the treatment of type 2 (non-insulin-independent or adult- onset) diabetes. Biguanides make up one of five classes of oral medications used to treat diabetes. Oral hypoglycemic agents are not oral insulin…

Any salt containing HCO3; bicarbonate in the blood is indicative of the alkali reserve. A constituent of carbonic acid; blood levels of bicarbonate provide an index of the body’s alkali reserve.  

Nuts from the areta palm; when chewed, these nuts have a stimulant effect. The nut of the tropical Asian palm Areca catechu, chewed for its stimulant and euphoric effects. The diminutive seed, akin to that of nutmeg, hails from the tropical regions of East India and originates from the palm tree. Its acrid flavor makes…

Precursor of choline.