Category: A

Respiration in which respiratory sounds are suppressed.  

Respiration in which chiefly the diaphragm exerts itself while the chest wall muscles are nearly at rest; used in normal, quiet breathing and in pathological conditions such as pleurisy, pericarditis, and rib fracture. Breathing characterized by greater movement in the abdominal wall compared to the chest wall.  

A sound similar to that produced by blowing across the mouth of an empty bottle. A noise reminiscent of the sound created when blowing across the opening of an empty bottle’s neck.  

The developed resistance of a virus to specific antiviral therapy.  

The impedance to the flow of air into and out of the respiratory tract.  

The amount of base ‘in the blood, principally bicarbonates, available for neutralization of fixed acids (acetoacetate, β-hydroxybutyrate, and lactate). A fall in alkaline reserve is called acidosis; a rise, alkalosis.  

Emergency cesarean delivery of a fetus jeopardized during labor or failed vaginal birth. Indications for surgical intervention include fetal distress associated with dystocia, arrested descent, abruptio placentae, or umbilical cord prolapse.  

Therapeutic replacement of the mineral content of the body after it has been disrupted by disease or improper diet. Remineralization of bone, e.g., is accomplished by adding mineral ions to hydroxyapatite in the bony matrix.  

The early destruction of grafted or transplanted material, usually beginning a week after implantation. Acute rejection is identified clinically by decreased function of the transplanted organ. High-dose corticosteroids are the first treatment of acute rejection; they are typically quite effective. Antilymphocyte globulin (ALG), the monoclonal antibody OKT 3, mycophenolate mofetil, and tacrolimus, among other agents,…

Regurgitation caused not by valvular disorder but by dilatation of ventricles, the great vessels, or valve rings.