Category: A

A category of medications, also known as antimuscarinics, finds application in the treatment of various conditions such as irritable bowel syndrome, urinary incontinence, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), Parkinson’s disease, and bradycardia (abnormally slow heartbeat). Anticholinergic drugs are employed to dilate the pupil before eye examinations or surgical procedures. They may also be utilized as…

Medications employed in the treatment of various cancer types exhibit varying levels of effectiveness, as different tumors display diverse responses to drug therapy. Anticancer drugs prove particularly valuable in managing conditions such as lymphomas, leukemias, breast cancer, testicular cancer, and prostate cancer. The majority of anticancer drugs exert their effects through cytotoxic mechanisms, causing cell…

A collection of medications is employed in the treatment of bacterial infections and the prevention of such infections in immunocompromised individuals. Among the commonly utilized antibiotic drugs, the majority belong to distinct classes, including amino-glycosides, cephalosporins, macrolides, penicillins, and tetracyclines. It is noteworthy that certain antibiotics target specific types of bacteria, while others, referred to…

An array of pharmaceutical interventions exists to address and mitigate allergic reactions. These encompass various categories such as antihistamine medications, leukotriene receptor antagonists, sodium cromoglicate, and corticosteroids.  

Anthelmintic drugs belong to a class of medications utilized to eliminate worm infestations in the body. These drugs either kill or immobilize worms within the intestines, hindering their ability to attach to the intestinal wall. As a result, the worms are expelled from the body through the process of defecation. Anthelmintic drugs may potentially cause…

Medications prescribed to alleviate the symptoms of indigestion, heartburn, acid reflux (the backflow of stomach acids into the esophagus), esophagitis (inflammation of the esophagus), and peptic ulcers are commonly used. Antacids often contain magnesium or aluminum compounds that work to neutralize stomach acid. Additionally, certain antacids incorporate alginates, which help protect the esophagus by reducing…

A category of medications employed in managing hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, encompasses the angiotensin-II antagonists. These drugs exhibit a comparable mechanism of action to ACE inhibitor drugs, as they obstruct the effects of angiotensin II. However, unlike ACE inhibitors, angiotensin-II antagonists do not induce the persistent dry cough that is often observed…

Angina is characterized by a sensation of strangling or constrictive pain and is commonly associated with the heart condition known as angina pectoris. Apart from angina pectoris, there are other types of angina, such as abdominal angina, which manifests as abdominal pain occurring after eating due to insufficient blood supply to the intestines. Another type…

Androgen drugs, which include natural or synthetic male sex hormones, are utilized as medications, with testosterone being one of the most crucial among them. These drugs are employed in the treatment of male hypogonadism, a condition characterized by underactivity of the testes. Their purpose is to stimulate the development of male sexual characteristics in affected…

The anatomical snuffbox refers to the depression located on the back of the wrist, formed between the tendons of the thumb when the thumb is extended outward. This anatomical landmark holds significance as tenderness in this area is indicative of a fracture in the scaphoid bone.