Category: A

Cardioverter surgically implanted in patients at high risk for sudden cardiac death from ventricular arrhythmias. This device is capable of automatically restoring normal heartbeat.  

A defibrillator surgically implanted in patients at high risk for sudden cardiac (arrhythmia-induced) death. The device automatically detects and treats life-threatening arrhythmias.  

A defibrillator that performs all functions by computer (analyzes rhythm, selects an energy level, charges the machine, and shocks the patient). The operator applies adhesive paddles and turns the machine on, then makes certain that no one is in contact with the patient.  

A congenital abnormality that reflects the teratogenic effects of maternal alcohol use on developing fetal structures. The most common abnormalities involve the heart, eyes, kidneys, and skeleton.  

A technique used in obstetrics to facilitate childbirth. The abdominal area is surrounded by an airtight chamber in which pressure may be intermittently decreased below atmospheric pressure. During labor pains, the pressure is decreased and the uterus is permitted to work more efficiently because the abdominal muscles are elevated away from the uterus.  

A form of enzymatic debridement that uses the body’s own enzymes to remove necrotic or nonviable tissue.  

Destruction of T or B lymphocytes that would otherwise be activated by contact with “self-antigens. AICD maintains immunologic tolerance; it is enhanced by interleukin-2 (IL-2) and inhibited by interleukin-15 (IL-15). Help that enables an individual who wants to die to do so. This may take the form of counseling or actually providing the means and…

Loss of hearing that is not present at birth but develops later in life.  

Impaired hearing due to repeated exposure to loud noise.  

In pulmonary physiology, the air in the mouth, nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, and bronchial tree at the end of inhalation. This is termed dead space because the air does not reach the alveoli and is not involved in gas exchange.