A mass in the breast frequently detected by a woman during breast self-examination or by a doctor during an annual examination. Breast lumps are common and usually are not cancerous. In addition to cancer, a breast lump may be a sign of fibrocystic breasts or fibroadenoma, or a breast abscess. In fibrocystic disease, cysts (small sacs filled with fluid] occur that vary in size with the woman’s menstrual cycle. In some women with fibrocystic disease, pain and tenderness occur a week or two before the menstrual period; caffeine or similar stimulants may aggravate the symptoms. Fibroadenomas are solid, noncancerous lumps that occur most often in young women. Another possible cause of a breast lump is an infection, or breast abscess. To diagnose or rule out cancer, a woman who has found a lump in her breast should see her doctor, who will perform a breast examination and recommend appropriate tests, which may include a mammogram, ultrasound scanning, an aspiration, or a biopsy.
A lump, swelling, or cyst that can be palpated within the breast tissue is referred to as a breast mass. It is important to note that the majority, at least 90 percent, of these masses are noncancerous in nature, while the remaining percentage represents cancerous growths.
Many women experience the presence of lumps in their breasts, particularly being more noticeable before their menstrual period. Previously referred to as fibrocystic disease or fibroadenosis, it is now understood to be a normal variation. It is important to note that lumpy breasts themselves do not increase the risk of breast cancer; however, any new or distinct lump should be evaluated by a medical professional. In younger women, a solitary lump is likely to be a noncancerous fibroadenoma. These growths are usually round, firm, and rubbery in texture, causing no pain and capable of being moved beneath the skin. In contrast, in older women, a lump is more likely to be a noncancerous breast cyst filled with fluid.
Being aware of one’s breasts and conducting regular self-examinations can aid in detecting any changes that may occur. The treatment approach for a lump depends on its underlying cause and type. Cysts can often be drained through a straightforward outpatient procedure. On the other hand, surgical removal may be necessary for other types of lumps.