Characterized by instability of interpersonal relationships, self-image, affects, and control over impulses. Manifestations may include frantic efforts to avoid real or imagined abandonment; unstable, intense relationships that alternate between extremes of idealization and devaluation; repetitive self-mutilation or suicide threats; and inappropriate, intense, or uncontrolled anger.
Behavior that is closely related to psychosis but that is shorter and less severe. Symptoms include functional difficulties in interpersonal relationships, impulse control, task performance, expression, and perception: borderline personality.
Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is characterized by instability of interpersonal relationships and mood, poor self-concept, and impulsive behaviors. Individuals with BPD often display self-destructive behaviors, including undermining goals (e.g., dropping out of school just before graduation) and behaving in reckless ways (e.g., unsafe and promiscuous sex and driving at high rates of speed). Often, the terms borderline traits or borderline pathology are used to describe young people who show symptoms of BPD. Like other personality disorders, BPD is usually not diagnosed until late adolescence or early adulthood. It can be assumed, however, that traits exist long before the disorder is firmly diagnosed.
Serious mental illness characterized by pervasive instability in moods, interpersonal relationships, self-image, and behavior. A person with depression or bipolar disorder typically endures the same mood for weeks, but a person with BPD may experience intense bouts of anger, depression, and anxiety that may last only hours, or at most a day. These may be associated with episodes of impulsive aggression, self-injury, and drug or alcohol abuse. Patients have frequent changes in long-term goals, career plans, jobs, friendships, gender identity, and values. This instability often disrupts family and work life, long-term planning, and the individual’s sense of self- identity. Patients often need extensive mental health services, and account for 20 percent of psychiatric hospitalizations. With help (e.g., dialectical behavioral therapy), many improve over time and are eventually able to lead productive lives.
A personality disorder in which there is difficulty in maintaining stable interpersonal relationships and self-image. This manifests as unpredictable and impulsive behavior, outbursts of anger, irritability, sadness, and fear. Self-mutilation or suicidal behavior may be present. Sometimes there is a chronic feeling of emptiness or boredom.
Described as a behavioral pattern, this phenomenon entails impulsive actions, tumultuous relationships with others, challenges in forming a stable identity, and emotional instability.
A personality disorder that falls within the intermediate range between neurotic and psychotic levels is known as a borderline personality disorder. Individuals with this disorder frequently experience rapid and inappropriate mood changes. Angry outbursts are common, as well as impulsive and self-destructive behaviors, including gambling or engaging in suicide attempts.