Behavioural issues encompass a spectrum that extends from mild and transient instances of inappropriate conduct, which are prevalent among most children, to more severe complications like conduct disorders and refusal to attend school. The occurrence of behavioural problems can be sporadic in any child; however, when they manifest frequently and disrupt the child’s academic and/or family life, specialized intervention becomes necessary. Certain behavioural challenges can arise irrespective of the child’s family or home circumstances. Nevertheless, in certain scenarios, external stressors like relocating or parental divorce can instigate episodes of problematic behaviour.
Common behavioural challenges encountered in young children encompass sleep disturbances, exemplified by recurrent nocturnal awakenings. Among toddlers, episodes of breath-holding, tantrums, separation anxiety, and head-banging pose obstacles that can be effectively addressed through a methodical and regulated approach. Challenges related to toilet training are typically mitigated by postponing initiation until the child attains both physical and emotional readiness.
Among children aged four to eight, there exists a prevalence of minor behavioural challenges, including thumb-sucking and nail-biting, clinginess, bedwetting, and disturbances during sleep triggered by nightmares. These issues are so widespread that they are considered almost normal. The most effective approach to address such problems involves adopting a positive strategy that focuses on reinforcing desirable conduct. In the majority of cases, the child naturally outgrows these challenges; however, occasional medical assistance from a child guidance counsellor or a child psychiatrist may be warranted.