Author: Glossary
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Vertebral column
The backbone or spine of the human skeleton that is made up of 26 bones called vertebrae; divided into five sections. The series of bones and discs linked together to form a flexible column running from the base of the skull to the pelvis. Firm, flexible, bony column that is the longitudinal axis and chief…
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Vertebrae
The individual bones that make up the vertebral column or spine. Bony or cartilaginous segments, separated by discs that form the spinal column. Individual bones of the spinal column. Bones that surround and protect the spinal cord and roots. The skeletal elements located in the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar regions of the body, comprising the…
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Vena cava
Two large veins that carry blood from the body to the right atrium. The principle vein returning blood to the right atrium. Either of two large veins returning deoxygenated blood from the peripheral circulation to the right atrium of the heart. One of the two largest veins in the body. The superior vena cava starts…
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Velocity
The rate and direction of motion.
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Veins
Small vessels that carry deoxygenated blood back through the body to the heart. A blood vessel which takes deoxygenated blood containing waste carbon dioxide from the tissues back to the heart. Blood vessels that return blood from the body and the lungs to the heart. Blood returning from the body requires replenishing of its oxygen…
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Variability
The varying of intensity, duration, or mode (cross-training) of exercise sessions to obtain better muscle balance and overall fitness. The tendency of scores in a frequency distribution to scatter away from the central value.
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USDA food guide
The United States Department of Agriculture food guide illustrates how to eat in accordance with the Dietary Guidelines for Americans. Constructed across a range of calorie levels to meet the needs of various ages and genders.
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US 1976 Copyright Act
The act spells out the basic rights of copyright holders. For the fitness industry, this act covers use of music with the following statement, “…the copyright owner has the right to charge a fee for the use of his or her music in public performance.”
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Urinary system
Includes organs that produce, store, and eliminate urine. The organs concerned in the formation and voiding of urine. The system consists of the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra. A system of organs and ducts which separate waste liquids from the blood and excrete them as urine, including the kidneys, bladder, ureters and urethra. The…
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Unsaturated fat
Any fat that is not completely hydrogenated (mono- and polyunsaturated); liquid at room temperature. Fat which does not have a large amount of hydrogen, and so can be broken down more easily. Contain double bonds between carbon atoms; usually are vegetable rather than animal fat. Fats with fatty acids with double bonds between the carbon…