Author: Glossary

Particles (the disperse phase) suspended in a second medium (the dispersion medium); can be solid, liquid or gas suspended in a solid, liquid or gas. Fine particles suspended in a liquid or solid. Gooey substances, usually proteins and starches, whose molecules can hold large amounts of a solvent (usually water) without dissolving. In lifeforms, virtually…

Surgical removal of all or part of the colon, to treat cancer or severe ulcerative colitis. A surgical operation to remove the whole or part of the colon. The surgical removal of all or part of the colon. A colectomy is performed to treat serious diseases, such as colon cancer, diverticular disease, and Severe colitis.…

Intolerance of the proteins of wheat, rye, and barley; specifically, the gliadin fraction of the protein gluten. The villi of the small intestine are severely affected and absorption of food is poor. Stools are bulky and fermenting from unabsorbed carbohydrate, and contain a large amount of unabsorbed fat (steatorrhoea). Around one in 100 people suffers…

Region of an mRNA transcript that encodes for protein synthesis. The region of a gene (DNA) that encodes the amino acid sequence of a protein.  

Originally Codex Alimentarius Europaeus; since 1961 part of the United Nations FAO/WHO Commission on Food Standards to simplify and integrate food standards for adoption internationally; website: http:/ /www.codexalimentarius.net. International food standards.  

A substance which, alone, does not cause the induction of cancer, but potentiates the action of a carcinogen. An environmental agent that will activate a carcinogen. A substance that enhances the effect of a carcinogen. A chemical or environmental factor that enhances the action of a carcinogen, the end result being the development of a…

An unnatural desire for foods.  

An amino acid formed as a metabolic intermediate, but not involved in proteins, and of no nutritional importance. An amino acid produced by the liver as a by-product during the conversion of ammonia to urea. An amino acid, C6H13N303, formed from ornithine. It is sometimes used to treat patients with urea cycle defects because citrulline…

An unnatural desire for foods; alternative terms are: cittosis, allotriophagy and pica.  

An enzyme involved in the digestion of proteins; secreted as the inactive precursor chymotrypsinogen in the pancreatic juice. An enzyme secreted by the pancreas that aids in the digestion of protein. A protein-digesting enzyme. It is secreted by the pancreas in an inactive form, chymotrypsinogen, that is converted into chymotrypsin in the duodenum by the…