Author: Glossary

An inflatable bag for collecting exhaled air to measure the consumption of oxygen and production of carbon dioxide, for the measurement of energy expenditure by indirect calorimetry. A container, usually a bag made of flexible material, for collecting expired air. It is used in investigating respiratory function and physiology.  

A long-chain polyunsat¬ urated fatty acid (C22:5 ω3 or ω6).  

Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids with 22 carbon atoms.  

Sugars composed of two monosaccharide units; the nutritionally important disaccharides are sucrose, lactose, and maltose. A 12-carbon sugar. Carbohydrates consisting of two covalently linked monosaccharide units—hence “di” for “two.” Sugars that must be digested before they can be absorbed by the small intestine. They include sucrose, lactose, and maltose. A carbohydrate containing two sugar (saccharide)…

Enzymes that hydrolyse disaccharides to their constituent monosaccharides in the intestinal mucosa: sucrase (also known as invertase) acts on sucrose and isomaltose, lactase on lactose, maltase on maltose, and trehalase on trehalose. One of a group of enzymes that hydrolyze disaccharides is formed in the cells of the brush border. A group of enzymes that…

A morbid craving for alcoholic drinks. Epsilon alcoholism. An uncontrollable desire to drink alcohol. Intense, persistent desire to drink alcoholic beverages to excess; alcoholism. Morbid and insatiable craving for alcohol, occurring in paroxysms. Only a small proportion of alcoholics show this symptom. A variant of alcohol addiction characterized by alternating episodes of intense alcohol consumption…

A thirst-provoking agent.    

Tending to produce thirst.  

Extreme thirst, a craving for abnormal kinds of drinks.  

Glycerol esterified with two fatty acids; an intermediate in the digestion of triacylglycerols, and used as emulsifying agents in food manufacture. A glycerol ester having two fatty acids. A lipid having two fatty acids esterified to glycerol; it is also called diglyceride. Two fatty acids esterified to glycerol.