Author: Glossary

Non-or late-lactose fermenting organisms of the Enterobacteriaceae family, probably non-pathogenic, whose importance lies in their ability to simulate Salmonellae species biochemically, and to some extent serologically. They are identified by their abundant growth in cyanide broth (M∅ller medium), a property not exhibited by Salmonellae.  

Test for differentiating (particularly) Enterobacteriaceae, exposing the ability of strains to utilize citrate as the only source of carbon in a synthetic medium. Esch. coli will not grow under such conditions, whereas most other enterobacteria flourish.  

Medium for the demonstration of urease activity in bacteria (particularly enterobacteria). Urea in the agar is split by urease, ammonia thus liberated alkalizes the medium, and the changed reaction is indicated by phenol red.  

Vibrio cholerae (and some other vibrios) produce indole and reduce nitrate to nitrite on culture in peptone water. The addition of sulphuric acid to the culture gives the red colour of the nitroso-indole reaction.  

Nutrient (infusion) agar plus 0.005 per cent of cystine and of para- aminobenzoic acid and 10 per cent blood, chocolated by heating at 70 – 80°C before pouring plates. Used for Haemophilus and Neisseria cultivation.  

Bacteriological filter candles of unglazed porcelain, the smallest porosity passing only the smallest of the viruses.  

Nutrient agar containing 0.1 per cent of the detergent cetrimide: selective medium for the isolation of Pseudomonas from mixed flora.  

Broad-spectrum derivative of Cephalosporin C, suitable only for injection. Used as a substitute for penicillin where sensitization to this drug exists, and in penicillin-resistant staphylococcal infections.  

Injected semi-synthetic cephalosporin derivative with properties very similar to cephalothin. Though more stable in vivo than cephalothin, and more effective against some bacteria, cephaloridine is apparently less resistant to the action of penicillinase. A semisynthetic antibiotic, given by intravenous or intramuscular injection. It is used in the treatment of a variety of severe infections, including…

Membrane filters made by the evaporation of solvents from mixtures of cellulose nitrate (Gradocol) or cellulose acetate (Millipore, Oxoid), ether and ethanol. By variations of the solvent proportions and the evaporative procedure, permeable filters of any defined size from 3 μm down to 10nm are obtained so reliably that the filters may be used to…