Author: Glossary
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Paleolithic diet
A meal regimen that mimics the food choices of modern hunter-gatherer societies or primitive human cultures. It includes nuts, fruits, vegetables, wild game, and fish and typically derives about 21% of its calories from fat.
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Nonlaxative diet
A low-residue diet containing boiled milk and toasted crackers. No strained oatmeal, vegetable juice, or fruit juice is given. Fats and concentrated sweets are restricted.
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National renal diet
A diet designed by the American Dietetic Association (ADA) and the National Kidney Foundation for the treatment of kidney disease. It consists of six food planning systems based on the ADA Exchange Lists. The presence of diabetes and the use of peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis are considered.
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National cholesterol education program diet
A two-step approach designed to lower blood cholesterol in adults, children, and adolescents. It is similar to the Step I and Step II diets designed by the American Heart Association.
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Minimum residue diet
A diet used for short periods to ensure a minimum of solid material in the intestinal tract. Foods allowed include one glass of milk per day, clear fluids and juices, lean meat, noodles, and refined cereals.
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Low-protein diet
A diet that contains a limited amount of protein. The principal sources of food energy are fats and carbohydrates. This diet is used to treat end-stage renal and hepatic disease.
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Liquid protein
A severely calorically restricted diet, lacking carbohydrates, fats, and many minerals and vitamins. Its use has been associated on occasion with cardiac rhythm disturbances and sudden cardiac death.
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High-residue diet
A diet that contains considerable amounts of substances such as fiber or cellulose, which the human body is unable to metabolize and absorb. This diet is particularly useful in treating constipation and may be beneficial also in preventing certain diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Lay persons may refer to a high-residue diet as one containing…
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Fluid diet
A nutritional plan (also known as a liquid diet) for persons unable to chew and swallow solid food or for patients whose gastrointestinal tract must be free of solid matter. Fluiddiets are often prescribed postoperatively.
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Evolution diet
An eating plan consisting of high fiber nutrients (with little sugar) taken in small portions throughout the day; it is thought to represent the observed eating habits of primates and of humans in the evolutionary past.