Author: Glossary
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Dyspigmentation
Abnormality of the skin or hair pigment.
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Spasmodic dysphonia
A strained, strangled, or abnormally breathy voice in a patient with normal laryngeal anatomy. Flexible laryngoscopy reveals laryngeal tremor or spasm during respiration or vocalization. Adductor or abductor muscle spasms may cause the dysfunction. Adductor spasms respond to the injection of botulinum toxin into the thyroarytenoid muscles. Usually, the response lasts several months but provides…
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Dysphonia puberum
Change or breaking in the voice in boys during puberty.
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Dysphonia clericorum
Hoarseness due to public speaking; vocal overuse.
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Dysphonesia
Difficulty in reading caused by an inability to sound out printed words.
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Dysphagia spastica
Dysphagia resulting from a spasm of the pharyngeal or esophageal muscles.
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Pharyngeal dysphagia
Aspiration of food into the trachea during the act of swallowing.
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Dysphagia paralytica
Dysphagia due to paralysis of the muscles of deglutition and of the esophagus.
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Oropharyngeal dysphagia
Difficulty in propelling food or liquid from the oral cavity into the esophagus.
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Oral phase dysphagia
An inability to coordinate chewing and swallowing a bolus of food placed in the mouth.