A collection of medications is employed in the treatment of bacterial infections and the prevention of such infections in immunocompromised individuals. Among the commonly utilized antibiotic drugs, the majority belong to distinct classes, including amino-glycosides, cephalosporins, macrolides, penicillins, and tetracyclines. It is noteworthy that certain antibiotics target specific types of bacteria, while others, referred to as broad-spectrum antibiotics, exhibit efficacy against a wide range of bacterial strains.
Certain bacteria have the ability to develop resistance against antibiotics that were once effective in treating them. This resistance tends to emerge more frequently during prolonged treatment. However, in cases where bacteria have become resistant to commonly prescribed drugs, alternative antibiotics are available as an alternative treatment option.
The administration of most antibiotic drugs can potentially induce side effects such as nausea, diarrhea, or a rash. Furthermore, antibiotics have the potential to disrupt the natural balance of beneficial bacteria in the body, leading to complications like candidiasis (thrush), characterized by an overgrowth of fungus. Additionally, some individuals may experience severe allergic reactions to these medications, exhibiting symptoms such as facial swelling, itching, or breathing difficulties.
It is crucial for patients to communicate any prior instances of allergic reactions to antibiotic drugs to their healthcare provider.