Also known as vitamin B7.
A vitamin, sometimes known as vitamin H, required for the synthesis of fatty acids and glucose, among other reactions, and in the control of gene expression and cell division.
Optional on nutrition label unless added as a nutrient supplement. Biotin is part of the B-vitamin complex. It helps regulate the use of carbohydrates and helps the body form and use fat. It is an important part of enzymes.
Component of the vitamin B complex essential for the metabolism of fat and carbohydrates.
One of the B vitamins is necessary for metabolism of carbohydrates and the synthesis and oxidation of fatty acids can be synthesized in the body and is widespread in the foods we eat. A deficiency of this vitamin is almost impossible was first synthesized in the laboratory in 1943. It is a water-soluble vitamin.
A type of vitamin B found in egg yolks, liver and yeast.
One of the B-group of vitamins, widely distributed in many animal products, yeast, milk and molasses. Deficiency, which is rare, leads to nerve and skin changes.
A water-soluble member of the B family of vitamins. An important coenzyme in fatty acid synthesis and in pyruvate metabolism. Carboxylases require biotin attached to a lysine residue for activity. The oxidation of odd-chain fatty acids also requires biotin, as does gluconeogenesis. Biotin is the trivial name for the compound, cis-hexahydro-2-oxo-lH-thieno (3,4-d) imidazole-4-pentanoic acid. Its structure is shown in Figure 8. In order to have vitamin activity, the structure must contain a conjoined ureido and tetrahydro-thiophene ring and the ureido 3’N must be sterically hindered, preventing substitution. The ureido 1’N is a poor nucleophile.
Biotin is a water-soluble vitamin within the B-complex. The primary function of biotin is to act as a cofactor in carboxylation reactions. Key processes that require biotin include the conversion of pyruvate to oxalocetate and malonyl CoA synthesis from acetyl CoA for fatty acid synthesis. Deficiency symptoms for biotin include muscle pain, hallucinations, depression, and nausea. While deficiency of biotin is likely to impair athletic ability, research does not indicate that biotin supplementation in a well-nourished athlete will improve performance. Although studies of supplementation of only biotin on athletic performance are not available, studies in which biotin was included as part of a multivitamin supplement have not demonstrated improvements.
A vitamin, once called vitamin H but now considered one of the B vitamins, that is important in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. Symptoms of deficiency include fatigue, depression, nausea, insomnia, and muscle pain; it is, however, rare, because bacteria produce biotin in the intestinal tract, much of which is later excreted. Biotin is abundant in eggs, milk, and meats, though raw egg white contains a factor that destroys biotin.
B-complex vitamin that aids in body growth and helps fix carbon dioxide in microorganisms and humans; found in liver, egg yolk, and yeast; formerly called vitamin H.
Vitamin H. A vitamin found in a variety of foods, including liver, salmon, bananas, carrots, cereals, and peanuts. Biotin aids the action of various enzymes in cells. Its functions include helping to form proteins from amino acids, breaking down fats, and forming new fatty acids and glucose.
A vitamin of the B complex that is essential for the metabolism of fat, being involved in fatty acid synthesis and gluconeogenesis. A biotin deficiency is extremely rare in man; it can be induced by eating large quantities of raw egg white, which contains a protein, avidin, that combines with biotin, making it unavailable to the body. Rich sources of the vitamin are egg yolk and liver.
One of the dozen or so vitamins included in the vitamin B complex. It is found in liver, eggs and meat, and also synthesised by bacteria in the gut. Absorption from the gut is prevented by avidin, a constituent of egg-white. The daily requirement is small: a fraction of a milligram daily. Gross deficiency results in disturbances of the skin, a smooth tongue and lassitude.
A vitamin that is a coenzyme involved in gluconeogenesis and fat synthesis. It is commonly found in egg yolks, peanut butter, liver, kidney, cauliflower, and yeast. Deficiencies occur when people consume large amounts of raw egg white, which contains avidin. Deficiency is also common among alcoholics. Children with biotin deficiency have delayed mental and physical development, alopecia, impaired immunity, and anemia.