The shock-like state that follows release of a limb after a long period of compression is brought about by compression of the arterial blood supply to a muscular compartment.
An acute or chronic condition caused by exercise or injury and characterized by pain and swollen muscle tissue. The swelling produces an increased pressure of the fluids within the closed muscle compartment and persists after the exercise session is over. The condition most commonly occurs in the leg, especially in the front of the lower leg, but may also affect the forearm, thigh, and buttocks.
Elevation of tissue pressure within a closed fascial compartment, causing a decreased arteriovenous pressure and decreased muscular perfusion. Acutely, compartment syndromes are caused by hemorrhage and/or edema within a closed space, or external compression or arterial occlusion that induces postischemic reperfusion. Health care professionals should be watchful for compartment syndrome in crushing injuries, burns, casted fractures, and wounds requiring heavy circumferential dressings. Chronic compartment syndromes (also known as exertional or recurrent compartment syndromes) may result from muscular expansion during exercise or decreased size of the anatomical compartment.
Compartment syndrome is an ailment characterized by the swelling of a muscle, yet constrained by the encompassing connective tissue, thereby impeding the blood flow to the muscle.
An agonizing spasm resulting from the constriction of a cluster of muscles within a restricted area is known as a cramp. This condition can arise when muscles become enlarged due to rigorous athletic training or as a result of an injury like shin splints. Exercise-induced cramps typically subside upon cessation of physical activity. However, severe cases may necessitate a medical procedure called fasciotomy to enhance blood circulation and prevent the formation of a permanent contracture.