Sites located on the surface membranes of neurons in the central nervous system (CNS) and in cells outside the CNS (e.g., kidneys) to which the neurotransmitter dopamine binds, activating dopamine signaling and cellular response. Dopamine receptors (of which there are five known subtypes: D1–D5) are involved in many neurological processes, including motivation, pleasure, cognition, memory, learning, and fine motor control, as well as in modulation of neuroendocrine signaling. Dopamine receptors have been recognized as important components in the etiology of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Drugs used to treat adhd (including methylphenidate and amphetamine) have significant effects on dopamine signaling in the brain.
One of at least six receptors that bind dopamine in the brain. They influence body movements and emotional states. The dopamine receptors are designated Dl, D2a, D2b, D3, D4, and D5. Each has an identifiably different function. The D2a receptor, for example, has a strong affinity for antipsychotic drugs, such as haloperidol.